Make:Empyrean 3rd Gen, Malvern PANalytical, Netherlands
Features:Line & Point focus using Cu Kα, Co Kα; 0D, 1D & 2D detector using PIXcel 3D Detector
Resolution:2θ linearity equal or better than ±0.01°, Angular resolution: 0.026° FWHM on LaB6, Smallest increment: 0.0001°
Located at:CRF Annexe - G01
Facilities:Reflection-Transmission Spinner: For Thin Film/ Fabric samples, Reflection spinner uses Bragg-Brentano geometry while Transmission spinner helps to detect embedded particles in samples, Flat Stage: Stationary sample holder for Powder/ Solid samples (<2mm thick), Capillary Stage: For filament samples (<10mm Dia), Liquid/ Gel samples, 3-axes (chi, phi, z) cradle: To measure Residual Stress and Texture of solid, Thin film samples
Note: Why “Co” Source• Although Copper is best choice to use as anode source for XRD. Due to presence of Fe, Ni, Cr, Co, etc in sample diffractogram will give high background due to an effect called fluorescence. Practical solution is to use lower atomic wt as anode material. But, remember as diffractogram follow’s Bragg’s law (nλ = 2dsinθ) due to change in ‘λ’ for Co you will get a peak shift to higher degree angle.
Applications of X-ray Diffraction (XRD):
- Powder Diffraction
- Transmission Diffraction
- Solid Samples XRD
- SAXs & WAXs (nano-materials)
- Micro-diffraction (small solid samples)
- Liquid Suspension samples
- Polycrystalline thin films (GIXRD)
- Residual Stress and Texture